French speakers in iran people
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What Language Is Spoken In Iran?
Today, more than million people speak Persian as their first or second language. By the number of its speakers and its influence, it is the most widespread language in the Middle East along with Arabic. However, having studied Persian for years, I can assure you that the importance of this language goes way beyond its political significance.
Persian is a language with an extremely rich history, literature and cultural tradition. Besides its huge impact on modern literature, Persian has its own prominent place in poetry. The first attestations of Persian go back to around BC.
Since then it has played an important role in the history of the lands between the Mediterranean Sea and India. Persian or Farsi? Where is the place of Persian on the linguistic map? History of the Persian language. Is Persian an old language? Three stages of Persian: Old, Middle, New. Old Persian. How do we know about Old Persian? Inscriptions in Old Persian. What other important Old Persian inscriptions do we have?
Old Persian vs. New Persian. Middle Persian. The royal inscriptions of the Sassanids. Middle Persian Script. Middle Persian Literature. Middle Persian vs New Persian. New Persian - Language of Iran. New conditions, new language. Beginnings of the New Persian literature. The difference between Early and Late New Persian. New Persian literature. Persian before the Modern period. Persian in the Modern Period. Loanwords in Modern Persian. Literary or Vernacular Persian. Want to learn Persian?
Many modern words and ideas which we are used to call our own were indeed shaped in Classical Greece. At that time the Persians were at the head of a huge empire that stretched from Greece to India, and from the Caspian Sea to the Persian Gulf. This empire Achaemenid Empire , during its expansion westwards, eventually came across the Greeks. We all know what happened next. Besides having tremendous political and cultural implications, the Graeco-Persian wars were also reflected upon in the Greek literature.
Aeschylus, one of the three famous classical Greek playwrights, dedicated one of his tragedies to the Greek victory at Salamis. Since then, it continued to be extensively used and later was borrowed by the Romans, and, through Latin the language of religion and science in Medieval Europe penetrated into English.
But where did the Persians come from? The Persians were a tribe or a confederation of tribes who lived on the western and southern slopes of the Zagros mountains in the west of modern Iran in the first half of the 1st millennium BC. Later, when the political significance of the Persian tribes increased, their name became widely known.
Today, in Iran, they continue to use this version. In the midth century, the official languages in Afghanistan and Tajikistan - being variations of Persian - were officially renamed Dari and Tajiki.
But this is rather unnecessary. Persian is an Iranian language , actually one of many Iranian languages and dialects, albeit a very prominent one. In their turn, Iranian languages are closer to the Indo-Aryan languages. Together, they comprise the Indo-Iranian branch of the Indo-European language family. You have probably heard about this language family, either in school or in college. English, French, Russian, Greek, Armenian, Hindu, Albanian, Croatian and dozens of other languages also belong to this same language family.
When we say that a certain number of languages belong to the X language family, it means that at a certain point in history, probably a couple of thousand years ago, they were the same language. Later, when those dialects became independent languages, new dialects started developing from those and so on and so forth….
Thus from one Proto-Indo-European language, other languages developed, including Persian. Besides Persian, there are many other Iranian languages that you might have heard of.
Today, three countries recognize Persian as their state language: the Islamic Republic of Iran, Afghanistan and Tajikistan. The territory covered by its speakers is approximately 2,, sq. A significant number of speakers of Tajiki Persian also live in Uzbekistan 4. In Afghanistan, Dari Persian, besides serving as the lingua franca for its multi-ethnic population, is also the first language of the majority of people. In Iran, Persian is known by the absolute majority of the population and serves as the state language for interethnic and state communication.
In the past, some three or four hundred years ago, the usage of Persian was even more widespread. It served as a lingua franca in the east at the court of the Mughal emperors and in the west at the courts of the Ottoman sultans.
Everything has a history, and languages are no exception. In fact, languages constantly change, and the study of that change is what the history of languages is all about. The same language which was spoken not more than a thousand years ago, becomes unintelligible to new speakers. Iranian languages in general, and Persian in particular, have a very rich history.
In this section, we will get a closer look at the history of its development. Languages are constantly changing, or rather developing into new languages. They are not born, like humans, but gradually grow out of their predecessors.
Simply, all languages are as old as the ability of humans to speak. There is still something to compete over. Thus, besides having a thousand-year-old exquisitely refined literature in New Persian, Persian has an even longer literary tradition. The epigraphic texts in which this language is first attested date back to years ago. Applying this method to our case, we divide the long history of Persian into three periods: Old, Middle and New.
Old Persian was spoken sometime between the 6th and 4th centuries BC. It was used in the royal inscriptions of the Achaemenid kings and in at least one administrative text. Middle Persian was generally spoken from the beginning of our era to sometime in the 8th c. We have a comparatively rich religious and also some sparse secular literature written in this language.
We have a very rich literary tradition in this language. Can you recall the vilified character of Xerxes, who tried to conquer the peaceful and freedom-loving Spartans? Have you ever read the Bible? You probably remember the praised character of Cyrus the Great , who liberated the Jews from the Babylonian Captivity, and helped them rebuild the Temple. Achaemenids built a strong empire on the ruins of the Median, Babylonian and Lydian states. They commemorated their achievements by building magnificent palaces and writing inscriptions.
Being Persian by origin, these kings chose to write their inscriptions in their own language, Old Persian. Since Marco Polo , many European travelers have crossed the vast expanses of Iran. Many of them kept diaries and later published their books. During their journeys, many of those travelers saw the striking monuments left from the Achaemenid period, including Persepolis , the capital of Darius I. When they came back, they brought with them the copies of a strange wedge-shaped writing, which had never been seen before by the Western Europeans.
In the midth century, a number of scholars, the first of whom was Henry Creswicke Rawlinson , deciphered this script that was used to write Old Persian and learned from them about the famous rivals of the Greeks, the Achaemenid kings.
Every character in this script consists of wedge-shaped small signs, arranged together in different positions, each one of which stands for a certain sound or two sounds. Other cuneiform scripts also existed, and were used to write many languages, including Akkadian , Elamite and Urartian. The difference between these and the Old Persian script , is that the latter is closer to an alphabetic system of writing.
There are dozens of Achaemenid royal inscriptions in Iran, most of which have similar contents. The most extensive and important inscription is the one inscribed on Mount Behistun near Kermanshah.
After his accession to the throne of the Empire and the suppression of an impressive amount of rebellions, Darius I ordered the creation of this inscription to commemorate his victories. He enumerates in it the lands in which the rebellions took place, the names of the rebel leaders and describes the battles in which he defeated them. In contrast to their predecessor, these kings generally lacked the creative spark that Darius I possessed.
The contents of the majority of these inscriptions are overall very primitive and often contain nothing more than the titulary of the king and the list of the lands under their dominion.
French Canadians
The answer is no — Arabic is not the same as Farsi — but I usually go into a bit more detail than that because I like people to get a feel for these two languages and how they compare and contrast with one another. After explaining that the two languages are in fact different, I then explain that they use the same alphabet. Even Turkish was written in the Arabic alphabet up until when Turkey passed a law banning the use of the Arabic alphabet for writing. Each of these languages has some variation in lettering — but they all share the same foundation. The next thing I usually tell people is that although the two languages share the same alphabet, the languages are completely different.
Do many people in Iran speak French, and if yes, why?
Specific information concerning the extent of the use and knowledge of the French language in Chad and particularly in N'Djamena could not be found among the sources consulted by the Research Directorate. According to Chad: A Country Study , the dominant language of education was French from the beginning of colonial period ibid. Later, however, "model" schools began teaching French as a foreign language ibid. Chad: A Country Study states that:. Arabic is not the maternal language of the majority of Chadian Muslims. As a result, although many Chadian Muslims have attended Quranic schools, they have often learned to recite Quranic verses without understanding their meaning. Specific information as to whether it would be possible for a person to receive twelve years of education without receiving French instruction could not be found among the sources consulted by the Research Directorate. In a telephone interview with the Research Directorate, a professor of political science at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte, who specializes in Chad and is the co-author of Chad: A Nation in Search of its Future , stated that Arabic is the dominant language of commerce 9 Nov.
SOAS University of London
If you grew up in a very different part of the world, you might be laboring under a couple misconceptions when it comes to what language is spoken in Iran. One, that all Middle Eastern countries primarily speak a variant of Arabic. Second of all, Persian and Farsi are two names for the same language. Farsi is just the endonym for what the rest of the world calls Persian — a. There are 79 living languages spoken in Iran, which includes 65 indigenous tongues.
Genomics Research
Persian, which you might also know as Farsi, is a language almost as beautiful as its region of origin. It is unique, poetic and influential. It opens the door to one of the most distinctive Middle Eastern cultures. I'll also highlight a few of its features and quirks, and provide some starting points for learning Persian yourself. Learning Persian won't just enhance your travels within the Persian-speaking world and its global diaspora, as it has done for me. Persian has remained unchanged for centuries, so unlike in many other languages, you can experience world-famous Persian literature in the exact language it was written.
Script direction and languages
The main driver of demographic growth in Switzerland over the last few decades has been migration. Throughout the year, Switzerland hosts hundreds of festivals and sporting, cultural and political events. Roughly every 25 years, Switzerland holds a National Exhibition. Switzerland's national languages are German, French, Italian and Romansh — a multilingualism lived out in practice. Traditions and customs are an integral part of everyday life in Switzerland. Switzerland is a Christian country. Swiss cuisine is as varied as its landscape — and yet you'll still find bread and cheese everywhere.
Languages of Iran
It has a population of over Despite the wide range of differences within the population, Iran has only one official language: Persian. The Persian language, also known as Farsi, belongs to the Indo-European language family, and is part of the Indo-Iranian subgroup. Persian is also an official language of Tajikistan and Afghanistan.
All You Need to Know about Persian Language
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It seems the web browser you're using doesn't support some of the features of this site. For the best experience, we recommend using a modern browser that supports the features of this website. Persian is spoken today primarily in Iran, but was historically a more widely understood language in an area ranging from the Middle East to India. We are currently engaged in a war in two nations where Persian is commonly spoken. Iran has large oil reserves and is an influential power in the Middle Eastern region. According to the census there are , Persian speakers in the United States. In 2, higher education students were studying Arabic and no measurable amount of students studying it in grades K
A further 1, people crossed the English Channel by boat to reach the UK on Thursday, a new record for migrant crossings in a single day - as mild weather made the journey less risky. Four Border Force vessels intercepted boats that were spotted off the coast and escorted them into Dover. Three people are feared lost at sea as two kayaks were found adrift near Calais, French authorities said. A Whitehall source accused France of losing control of the situation.
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