Erbium doped fiber amplifiers pdf
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Variable gain-flattened L-band erbium-doped fiber amplifier
To browse Academia. Skip to main content. Log In Sign Up. Download Free PDF. Variable gain-flattened L-band erbium-doped fiber amplifier Laser Physics, Mahamd Adikan. Download PDF. A short summary of this paper. Variable gain-flattened L-band erbium-doped fiber amplifier. Abu Bakara, S. Sheihb, F. Mahamd Adikanc, and M. A dispersion compensating module was incorporated into the architecture as a way to combat dispersion.
The amplifier was able to generate variable gain from 15 up to 30 dB under different input signal powers with a maximum output power of 23 dBm. Excellent gain flatness averaging around 0. DOI: This function is made simpler sion. This problem is further gain regime [15]. The assimilation of EDFA and erbium emission spectrum impedes the generation of DCM seems to be a better choice in minimizing the high gain coefficient therefore dictating the use of gain additional loss of DCM.
These added features incur excess losses due to the 1 The article is published in the original. The gains and noise figures under different input power and varying gains were Gain adjustable range 15—30 dBm studied. The prior to EDFA 4. The overall gain flatness is 1. EDFA studied in this work. A DCM with 10 dB length. Due to the limit to 16 dBm 40 channels, GHz spacing. One nm pump by the small fiber core of the DCM. During the experiment, all pump lasers are operating gain value.
A gain equalizing filter signal condition at the input and output ports. This gain error value indicates the minimum tions of pump lasers were automatically adjusted to gain variation from to nm that can be keep the signal gain at the desired operating value. Less OSNR variations 0. As output from stage 3 prior to the VOA. More photons were then generated with the characteristic of the input signals thereby ward amplified spontaneous emission ASE can be reducing the ASE noise going to the final EDFA stage.
The EDF lengths employed Nevertheless, a minor hump in the noise floor can be at stage 3, stage 4 and stage 5 are 20, 30, and 22 m, observed for 15 dB gain Fig.
This was caused by respectively. The temperature changes was also increased as article [18] low input signal was unable to fully utilize the inverted reported, with gain and noise figure variations of up to erbium ions thus allowing higher ASE formation in 2.
Targeted and measured GEF curve. Output spectrum at typical load of 40 channels at 8 dBm input signal and operating gain of a 15, b 20, c 25, and d 30 dB. For operating gain of 20 dB, the noise broadband saturating tone which assisted in clamping figure for input signal of —16 dBm was lower than the the gain output [19].
There was less attenuation for the specified value of 8. As a result, the ASE was reduced to more than 10 dB. The excessive noise figures was and from operating gain of 20 up to 30 dB, no ASE noted at the other operating gains as well, with the hump was detected.
The same performance can also noise figure for —2 dBm input increasing to the 8 dB be obtained for input power of 7 dBm. The highest variations were were also the contributing factors in this case. The best gain flatness was achieved at which can be explained by the noise equation for gain of 25 dB which has a gain variation of only 0. The average gain variation was only around 0. The worst noise figures were noise figure, Fmulti—stage is the noise figure of the first noticed at gain of 15 dB where at the input signal of stage amplifier, F1.
Performance of the EDFA under different operating gains in terms of a gain and b noise figure. The noise losses that still persists.
From Eq. The fact that the emission rate of erbium is loss. In addition, since the lower gain range amplifier stantially lower as well. Another way of reducing the noise figures is to earity of the fiber.
The presence of FWM is depicted in Fig. This value had little effect on the GRF scheme. EDFA performance as the degradation of the Q parameter of the system was lesser than 1 [21]. Wang and Q. Yu, Laser Phys. Harun, R.
Parvizi, S. Shahi, and H. Ahmad, Laser Phys. Yeh, C. Chow, and C. Pan, Laser Phys. W, Harun, K. Dimyati, K. Jayapalan, and H. Ahmad, N. Saat, and S. Harun, Laser Phys. Liaw, C. Huang, and Y. Hsiao, Laser Phys. The worse gain flatness observed Lett. Jinno, T. Sakamoto, K. Aisawa, K. Fukui, H. Ono, M. Yamada, and K. Oguchi, IEEE. Yamada, M. Shimizu, and Y. Measured noise tron. Abu Bakar, M. Mahdi, M. Mokhtar, A. Abas, and N. Yusoff, Laser Phys. Mahdi, S.
Sheih, and F. Adikan, Opt. The elevated noise floor of the higher Express 17, Mahdi, A. Bakar, M. This S. Shaari, and A. Zamzuri, Laser Phys.
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This thesis describes theoretical and experimental studies on two subjects: first is characterization, design and modeling of erbium-doped fiber amplifiers EDFAs ; second is the effect of fiber dispersion on the noise of distributed feedback DFB lasers and the impact of this effect on the performance of nm video lightwave transmission systems. A simple electrical measurement technique for EDFA noise figure characterization is developed which has significantly better accuracy than other methods reported. This is achieved by noise measurements at identical detected optical power levels, with and without EDFA present. This approach ensures that the system noise level is identical in both measurements, thereby even small EDFA noise levels can be separated accurately from the large noise of the measurement system by subtracting the two noise measurements. Using this technique an excellent agreement is obtained between optically- and electrically-measured noise figures of saturated EDFAs. This result is in contrast to earlier reports by Willems and van der Platts from Bell Laboratories, showing significant discrepancies between optically- and electrically-measured noise figures of a saturated EDFA which sparked a serious controversy over the appropriate approach to model and measure the noise figure of EDFAs. Using the general, radially dependent rate-equation EDFA model, it is shown that highest-efficiency operation of saturated EDFAs is achieved with erbium distributed throughout the entire fiber core, in contrast to generally-accepted design principles.
Erbium doped fiber amplifier
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P-Doped Fiber offers a Raman shifted gain that is three times higher than the germanium-doped fibers. The main application is to produce high-power sources at and nm that can be used as pump lasers in O-band and C-band fiber amplifiers respectively. With Germanium Raman fibers, the necessity to get the third nm and the sixth Stokes nm strongly complicates the design by multiplying the number of internal cavities. When pumping the IXF-PDF-PM series with a high power Ytterbium nm laser, the and nm laser are obtained directly at the first and the second Stokes making the design simpler.
Optical amplifier
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Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA)
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Fiber Amplifiers
Skip to search form Skip to main content Skip to account menu You are currently offline. Some features of the site may not work correctly. DOI: Pedersen , A.
Skip to Main Content. A not-for-profit organization, IEEE is the world's largest technical professional organization dedicated to advancing technology for the benefit of humanity. Use of this web site signifies your agreement to the terms and conditions. Effects of concentration on the performance of erbium-doped fiber amplifiers Abstract: The dependence of erbium-doped fiber amplifier EDFA performance on the erbium ion concentration is studied experimentally and theoretically. The quantum efficiency of the amplifier is found to he strongly dependent on the erbium ion concentration, the signal wavelength, and the relative propagation direction of the pump and signal beams.
Emmanuel Desurvire. These are just a handful of the essential questions answered in Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifiers —the first book to integrate the most influential current papers on this breakthrough in fiber-optics technology. Written by one of the pioneers in the field, this unique reference provides researchers, engineers, and system designers with detailed, interdisciplinary coverage of the theoretical underpinnings, main characteristics, and primary applications of EDFAs. Packed with information on important system experiments and the best experimental results to date as well as over 1, references to the expanding literature, Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifiers illuminates such key areas as:. In so doing, the book sheds light on many new frontiers of knowledge, such as inhomogeneous modeling and nonlinear photon statistics, and demonstrates the many broadening benefits of EDFAs, including their polarization insensitivity, temperature stability, quantum-limited noise figure, and immunity to interchannel crosstalk. Request permission to reuse content from this site.
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This is overdone.