Plus and minus 12v amplifier designs

Note: Editable PCB files are available for this project here. The reason for its popularity is due to its very low distortion, minimal external components, and low cost. With the right layout and component selection, you can build an excellent sounding Hi-Fi audio amplifier that will rival high-end amps retailing for several thousand dollars or more. My amplifier is based off of the same circuit provided in the datasheet, with all of the optional stability components included. I highly recommend reading the datasheet before building your amplifier.

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Plus and minus 12v amplifier designs

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Content:

• A Complete Guide to Design and Build a Hi-Fi LM3886 Amplifier
• Voltage regulator
• Adding to Cart...
• 150 Watt Amplifier Circuit – DIY Guide to Build Amplifier
• How Many Watts Do I Need For My Car Speakers
• Class D Audio Amplifiers: What, Why, and How
• Details about 200 Times gain 5V-12V LM386 Audio Amplifier Module 10K Adjustable Resistance
• Op Amp Slew Rate: details; formula; calculator
• How Does a Car Audio Amplifier Work – The Power Supply

WATCH RELATED VIDEO: 12v Super Bass Stereo Amplifier Circuit With TDA7377 IC (30w+30w) - Low Components

A Complete Guide to Design and Build a Hi-Fi LM3886 Amplifier

Electrical Engineering Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for electronics and electrical engineering professionals, students, and enthusiasts. It only takes a minute to sign up. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. I have what is probably a simple question. I have googled it, but the answer doesn't make sense to me. I am learning about op-amps and creating all sorts of circuits with my nice cheap 10cent op amps.

Creating simple things such as simple multivibrators and so forth which would only cost a few cents. Now I start to wonder how to power such devices from a single DC power supply, such as a 5V wall wart of which I have many lying around. Use a "rail splitter" such as TLE More than ten times the rest of my bill of materials 1 op-amp plus a few resistors and capacitors to make a multivibrator, for instance.

I read somewhere online that you can buy single-supply op-amps. I searched digikey but failed to find one. If so, then from now on I will only buy dual-style two-per-package op-amps, since it seems you always need one to create the virtual ground for the other.

Surely that is not the only solution? Furthermore, Option 2 can't supply much current, I think -- does that mean it won't work in some instances? In which instances will I run in to problems with Option 2? The cheapest solutions, assuming you only have one supply, are to redesign the circuit so it will work from a single supply or generate the negative supply.

They do know and don't like signals going below the negative or positive supply, or even approaching it in many cases. I suggest you look at the datasheet for the LM which is a so-called single-supply op-amp, so-called because the output swings close to the negative supply with a load to the negative supply and the input common mode range includes the negative supply.

There are many examples of circuits operating from single supplies in the full datasheet. A rail splitter 'chip' is used in none of them, but occasionally an extra resistor or two is required. The LM at a penny or two per op-amp may not be as fancy as your expensive cent op-amps, but it's ubiquitous. Many of the circuits are limited by the frankly, not spectacular performance of that particular op-amp but you can subsitute something better if you like. That just isn't very elegant in some cases- especially when things are DC coupled.

In such cases, you can produce a negative supply with a cheap switching regulator or a charge pump chip such as a If you have a clock available, a charge pump can be made with a digital output, two MLCC caps and a dual diode. The simplest method, and one that I have used on occasion is a simple resistor divider. Two equal resistances 4k7 or so in series. Depending upon the application, this is sometimes workable, however it can be prone to becoming unbalanced.

Experiment with it and see if it works in your application. Adding an op-amp buffer at virtual GND can help solve potential unbalance. For example I use this little circuit to power OpAmps and comparators from 5V without any problems:.

This generates a voltage of approximately 9. If you use this to power opamps and use ground as the reference ground you'll get an asymmetric supply. Fortunately most opamps are perfectly fine with this. Diodes can be any rectifier Schottky diode or even silicon. Just make sure it takes mA contiguous and about mA peak current.

I've covered everything I could think of and that I thought of while making my bipolar power supplies from single rails. Sign up to join this community.

The best answers are voted up and rise to the top. Stack Overflow for Teams — Collaborate and share knowledge with a private group. Create a free Team What is Teams? Learn more. Generating plus and minus voltages for op amp Ask Question. Asked 5 years, 9 months ago. Active 5 years, 7 months ago. Viewed 26k times. Here is what I've found.

The limit of an opamp is that the output voltage must be between Vss and Vcc. You can bias your input voltage with a 2.

For example this relaxation oscillator falstad. If you run the op-amp off a 0V and 5V from a power supply, for instance, and then connect those two places I mentioned to the 0V of the same, it will not work. Instead, you have to connect those two places to somewhere halfway between the two voltages that power the op-amp, no?

I'm not an expert, correct me if I'm wrong. But I actually tried this on a breadboard and it failed. In either case you need to have a middle reference voltage.

You can make a poormans reference by biasing the "ground" on the inverting input to 2. I tried my two largest resistors 1MOhm , but the circuit failed and when I tested voltages at various locations in the circuit it was all weird. Then I kept reading and learned that resistor dividers do not work for such an application. Are you sure that will work? And certainly even if it somehow works for this application say, with larger resistors it will not work in all cases.

In what cases will it fail? I'm just trying to learn here.. Show 7 more comments. Active Oldest Votes. For example, as you mention a multivibrator: The LM at a penny or two per op-amp may not be as fancy as your expensive cent op-amps, but it's ubiquitous. Spehro Pefhany Spehro Pefhany k 12 12 gold badges silver badges bronze badges. Add a comment. For example I use this little circuit to power OpAmps and comparators from 5V without any problems: This generates a voltage of approximately 9.

Nils Pipenbrinck Nils Pipenbrinck 4, 1 1 gold badge 14 14 silver badges 25 25 bronze badges. Furthermore, I don't think this always works. For example try this circuit: falstad. First look at the output, it's a square wave. The square wave is no longer duty cycle! It works very well for any linear amplification jobs though. It's all about cost and power needs. Voltage Doubler - Inverting: It's a voltage doubler circuit, but instead of doubling the voltage, it flips the polarity.

This is the option that Nils Pipenbrink shows in his answer. There are several ICs that will do this with minimal cost. Advantages: Generally cheap. Simple to use. Continuous Ground the ground from the supply is the same ground that the circuit uses. Disadvantages: Low current capacity it can't source much current. High frequency noise op amps have lower PSRRs for higher frequencies. Virtual Ground - Linear Regulator Style: Two linear regulators that are biased such that they produce between them a stable, virtual, mid-rail voltage.

The discussion and view of the circuit can be found here. Advantages: Higher current handling capacity around 1. Low frequency operation it doesn't make any high frequency noise. Disadvantages: Non-continuous ground the ground of the virtual rail is not at the same potential as the voltage source's.

High part count. Not efficient more current, more heat. Learn to design with a single supply: Not really a "fun" or "cool" solution, but there are several methods of combating DC gain in op amps. Example of the unglamorous art. Advantages: High current handling you can actually design them to whatever current you need.

Non-integer multiples and every voltage in between they can be designed to make any output voltage you want [this ability doesn't stack with current creation, remember energy must be conserved]. Continuous ground the ground of the input voltage can be the same as the input power's ground voltage [or it can be isolated by transformer]. Disadvantages: Design Complexity which also happens to go hand in hand with.

Hard to test with unless you just build it. Size these are by far the most area hogging of the solutions.

Voltage regulator

This Pure Path stereo amplifier provides a deep, expansive soundstage and accurate image placement while delivering an outstanding watts per channel. Fill the room with eye-opening stereo sound that reveals every nuance from the original recording with pristine clarity. Unleash the full potential of your music as you move from the quietest notes to the loudest crescendos. Our proprietary approach to circuit design delivers uncompromising musical purity and an engaging listening experience.

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Many times during my illustrious career as an electronic hobbyist, I have designed devices that incorporated op-amps. Question: How does one connect a single polarity voltage source to an op-amp that wants to see both a positive and a negative voltage supply? By the way, all the circuits shown assume the use of the LM op-amps or equivalent. However, as noted, other types can be considered. Here is a fact: Op-amps that are expected to handle ground referenced AC signals in a linear manner must see a negative supply voltage in respect to their input pins. This configuration sets both the input and the output points to average ground. Only in this way can the output swing an AC signal both positive and negative in respect to the general circuit ground. Here is a problem: Connecting an op-amp to a single positive polarity supply does not allow the output to swing in a negative direction.

150 Watt Amplifier Circuit – DIY Guide to Build Amplifier

Amplifiers are used to increase the voltage and current of a weak signal to desired level. There are two types of amplifiers. They are given below. If you increase the current of DC signal,then the voltage will drop.

How Many Watts Do I Need For My Car Speakers

A voltage regulator is a system designed to automatically maintain a constant voltage. A voltage regulator may use a simple feed-forward design or may include negative feedback. It may use an electromechanical mechanism, or electronic components. Depending on the design, it may be used to regulate one or more AC or DC voltages. Electronic voltage regulators are found in devices such as computer power supplies where they stabilize the DC voltages used by the processor and other elements.

Class D Audio Amplifiers: What, Why, and How

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Details about 200 Times gain 5V-12V LM386 Audio Amplifier Module 10K Adjustable Resistance

Electrical Engineering Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for electronics and electrical engineering professionals, students, and enthusiasts. It only takes a minute to sign up. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. I have what is probably a simple question.

Op Amp Slew Rate: details; formula; calculator

To supply enough power to your speakers to produce music at realistic listening levels, we need a lot of voltage. For standard 4-ohm speakers , it takes a peak-to-peak voltage of almost 60 volts to deliver about watts to your speaker. So, how in the world do we get plus and minus 30 volts from 12? A transformer is a simple device that increases or decreases alternating current AC voltages using two coils of wire wrapped around a magnetically conductive iron core. If you have a transformer and feed 12V of AC signal into the primary, you get 24 volts on the output. The big green boxes out on your curb or the cylinders on the power poles near your house are step-down transformers that convert the 16kV feed that enters your neighborhood into and volt feeds to your home.

How Does a Car Audio Amplifier Work – The Power Supply

As the name suggests a preamplifier circuit pre-amplifies a very small signal to some specified level that can be further amplified by an attached power amplifier circuit. It basically acts like a buffer stage between the input small signal source and a power amplifier. A preamplifier is used in applications where the input signal is too small and a power amplifier is unable to detect this small signal without a preamplifier stage. The post explains 5 preamplifier circuits which can be quickly made using a couple of transistors BJTs and a few resistors. The first idea is based on the request presented by Mr.

Op-amp Tutorial Includes: Introduction Op amp gain Bandwidth Op amp slew rate Offset null Input impedance Output impedance Understanding specifications How to choose an op amp Op amp circuits summary The output of an operational amplifier can only change by a certain amount in a given time. This limit is called the slew rate of the op-amp, and although slew rate is not always mentioned, it can be a critical factor in ensuring that an amplifier is able to provide an output that is a faithful representation of the input.. Operational amplifier slew rate can limit the performance of a circuit if the slew rate requirement is exceeded.