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Hindi speakers in pakistan face

Even by the trigger-happy standards of Hindutva outrage, what happened on Oct. They claimed that the Urdu language simply could not be associated with a Hindu festival. Instead, it would have a Hindi name: Jhilmil si Diwali a sparkling Diwali. By any standard, the controversy was both ridiculous how could festivals be associated with language? But perhaps, the biggest irony was that both phrases, Jashn-e-Riwaaz and Jhilmil si Diwali would be perfectly intelligible to Indian Hindi speakers. Due to these incredible similarities—Hindi and Urdu share almost all of their grammar and most of their day-to-day vocabulary—most linguists would often classify Hindi and Urdu as literary registers of the same language the Khari Boli of medieval Delhi.


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WATCH RELATED VIDEO: Why Pakistani Feel Ashamed to Speak Punjabi? - Indian Punjabi Vs Pakistani Punjabi Speakers

All about 3-language formula, the bone of contention between Centre & southern states


When Pakistan was formed in , it included two parts: West and East Pakistan. These two parts of the country were approximately 1, kilometers apart. Between them was India. The two parts of Pakistan were divided by more than distance.

The biggest linguistic group in East Pakistan were Bengalis who spoke Bangla. The biggest linguistic group in West Pakistan were Punjabis who spoke Punjabi. Newly-independent Pakistan chose neither Bangla nor Punjabi as its national language. Instead, it chose Urdu. No language other than Urdu. This stance caused tensions with East Pakistan because Bengalis were rather attached to their language.

The state arrested and killed many students, teachers and intellectuals at Dhaka University. Many other developments exacerbated Bengali resentment and East Pakistan broke away from Pakistan. It emerged as the independent nation of Bangladesh in and promptly chose Bangla as its official language. The official language of Pakistan continues to be Urdu. The reason for such a wide range is the debate over Saraiki.

Some consider it a dialect of Punjabi, while others treat it as a separate language. Punjabis dominate the Pakistani state and society at all levels from politics, bureaucracy and the ubiquitous military to economics and culture.

Despite the domination of Punjabis, Pakistan has employed Urdu as a medium of instruction since its inception. The teaching of Punjabi in schools is prohibited. All official business of the state is conducted either in English or in Urdu.

In the s, some intellectuals began a daily newspaper in Punjabi. Until the early s, members of the Punjab Assembly, the state legislature, were forbidden to address the house in Punjabi. This ban was temporarily removed by the writer Hanif Ramay who, at that time, was the speaker of the assembly.

However, the ban was revived afterward. Some valiant champions of Punjabi continue to propagate the cause of the Punjabi language, but this has been confined to small intellectual circles.

They have been demanding that Punjabi be taught in school at the primary level, but no government has accepted the idea. The Punjabi language, therefore, is relegated to informal day-to-day communication. A key question arises: Why have Pakistani Punjabis disowned their mother tongue? We need to find clues in the peculiar cultural and political evolution of Punjab. The Punjabi language belongs like most others of northern India to the Indo-European family of languages.

It began to be used in literary communications and in writings from at least the 13th century. In the 19th century, the likes of Mian Muhammad Bakhsh and Khawaja Ghulam Farid enriched the Punjabi literary tradition even as they used the vernacular to connect with ordinary people.

Punjabi was also adopted by another faith. When Guru Nanak founded Sikhism in the early 16th century , Punjabi became the language of a community that consolidated as a religious community under his spiritual successors. Sikhism adopted Gurmukhi, a distinct script devised by Guru Angad, the second of the 10 Sikh gurus who succeeded Guru Nanak. In contrast, Hindu Punjabis continued to use the Devanagari script and used Sanskrit for their religious ceremonies.

During much of the time of Sikh gurus and Sufi saints, the official language of Punjab was Persian. The state officialdom largely hailed from the Turco-Afghan nobility and conducted their affairs in Persian. This nobility owed loyalty to the ruler of Delhi and, later as the Mughal Empire declined, to the master of Kabul.

In northern India, the common lingua franca was Hindustani. In literary usage, this language either took the form of Hindi written in the Devanagari script or of Urdu penned in the Persian script.

Toward the end of Mughal rule, Urdu began to be cultivated by the urban literati even as Persian continued to the official state language. When the British emerged as the ruling power in India, they decided to adopt Urdu as the language of the state at the lower level, especially in the army.

To facilitate their administrators, they enforced Urdu as the vernacular language instead of Punjabi. Urdu was the state language in the army and other lower levels of government.

In the religious and communal revivals of the 19th century, Hindi came to be associated with Hindus, Urdu with Muslims and Punjabi with Sikhs. Yet spoken Punjabi is the shared vernacular of all Punjabis, cutting across religion, sect or caste.

Even today, the language continues to be the day-to-day medium of communication and interaction. The religious revivals of the 19th century have to be examined in the wider context of the anti-colonial freedom movement of the 20th century.

It declared Hindustani, the common vernacular of north India with the Devanagari and Persian scripts, as the national language of a future independent, united India. Instead, the Muslim League, as it has come to be known, claimed to represent all Indian Muslims. It rejected Hindustani as the national language and declared Urdu to be the official language of Indian Muslims. Two states emerged when Indians won independence: India and Pakistan. The partition of British India in was brutal and bloody.

Refugees fled from one country to another. The Urdu-speaking migrants from India came to be known as Muhajirs and were initially overrepresented in the central government.

However, Punjabis dominated young Pakistan and its powerful military. Once Bangladesh seceded, Punjabi domination strengthened. These Punjabi Muslims adopted Urdu because the language had been the lingua franca of Pakistan since Since , Urdu became further entrenched.

It became the language of middle and lower-middle-class Punjabi intelligentsia. Upper-class Punjabis like other upper-class South Asians were educated in English and had little love for vernacular languages or literature. The movement to introduce Punjabi instruction in school has failed despite Punjabis wielding most levers of power in Pakistan. It is because the Punjabi elites have given up on its language and adopted two other languages supposedly more sophisticated and modern than their native tongue.

It is worth mentioning that Pakistan is not alone in facing a problem with a national language. All states must choose one language to signify national identity and to conduct their affairs in an efficient and coherent manner. In multi-language societies, the choice of national or state language is always problematic. An apt example is Turkey where the Turkish language alone is declared as the state language. It has resulted in considerable resistance by the Kurds, a people proud of their identity and language.

Tiny Israel has also found the issue of a national language thorny. The founders of Israel were European Ashkenazi Jews who either spoke Yiddish or the national languages of the countries where they had grown up. In a radical choice, Israel decided to make Hebrew its national language.

Hebrew was the ancient language of Jews and had not been spoken for centuries. So far, it seems that Israel has succeeded in its national language policy.

In India, partition led to the abandonment of Hindustani as the national language. In the light of these examples, the case of Pakistani Punjabi elites and intelligentsia adopting Urdu as their language of written communication and formal speech makes sense. Urdu may only be the mother tongue of a small minority, but it is tied up with Pakistani identity. Also, Pakistani Punjabi elites are able to defuse tensions with smaller nationalities such as Sindhis, Pakhtuns and Balochis who resent Punjabi domination.

Punjabi elites can reasonably point out that they are not imposing their language on minority nationalities. However, the rest of the people converse in Punjabi. It might no longer be the written language of the state. Newspapers, novels, poems and high literature in Punjabi might be in short supply, but the oral language runs strong. Elven elites find its uses even though they treat it as a pariah tongue, useful to connect with the uneducated masses or to express crude humor and abuse.

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How Hindi's growth will lead to decline in Tamil, Kannada speakers

While many nations are adopting English, Pakistan is going the opposite way, with the Supreme Court ruling for it to be replaced with Urdu as the official language. Urdu is beautiful, vastly expressive, and the medium of some of the most powerful literature generated in the Indian sub-continent over the last two or three centuries. It is spoken by many in Pakistan, especially in the main urban centres. But there is no region in Pakistan which can be categorised as originally Urdu-speaking. And Urdu has also been a victim of the early rulers' controversial desire to thrust administrative, political and linguistic uniformity over the country's local cultures, causing political alienation. Many believe the seeds of secession in East Pakistan now Bangladesh were sown when Pakistan's founder Mohammad Ali Jinnah announced in that Urdu alone would be the state language of Pakistan, though East Pakistan could use Bengali as its provincial language. East Pakistan, which was home to a majority of the Pakistani population who had hoped Bengali would become the second state language after Urdu, seceded in

Merely speaking, effective communication is the process of sending the right message to the face when they are trying to communicate with each other.

Hate campaign in India against Urdu for being a ‘Muslim’ language


If you sat a Hindi and an Urdu speaker next to each other in a bar and asked them to have a ten-minute conversation in their native tongues, chances are that both would understand each other without hesitation. Nonetheless, many across the subcontinent consider these two languages to be fundamentally different - and it is often a matter of honour for native speakers to assert this difference when asked what language they speak. This is not unexpected - in India and Pakistan, the language you use ties you not only into a specific culture, but frequently a religion or moral framework with which you supposedly identify. Yet, whilst this feeling of belonging has led to the patronage of a beautiful literary tradition whose influence spans well beyond the subcontinent, it can often have the ugly consequence of creating false division. With Hindutva on the rise and Kashmir suffering the flames of sectarian tension, it is pertinent now more than ever that we take another look at a bitter linguistic debate that undoubtedly shaped the largest mass migration in human history. Are Hindi and Urdu really different languages? The answer is deceivingly simple - No.

Why Punjabis in Pakistan Have Abandoned Punjabi

hindi speakers in pakistan face

Language is an important aspect of culture as it communicates and preserves heritage, ideas, and identity. Pakistan and India became independent from British rule in August of Large regions that were majority Muslim became Pakistan, and regions that were majority Hindu became India. Seventeen hundred miles of India separated the two regions. Cultural, linguistic, and ethnic differences were also present between East and West Pakistan.

The policy also mentions the three-language formula where it says that of the three languages, two must be Indian languages, with English not to be considered as one. It also says that the freedom to choose the two Indian languages should be left to the states, regions or students.

Why does India’s Hindu right-wing hate the Urdu language so much?


Urdu , also known as Lashkari or a Lashkari language , is an Indo-Aryan language. It is the national language of Pakistan. It is spoken as a lingua franca by the majority of people in Pakistan and it is also spoken in some parts of India like the states of Telangana , Andhra Pradesh , Delhi , Bihar and Uttar Pradesh. When spoken, it sounds the same as Hindi with exceptions of certain vocabulary words, phrases or tone of speaking. When written, it is written completely different from Hindi. That is why, speakers of Hindi and Urdu can have a fluent, easy conversation with one another, but they cannot read or write letters to one another.

Is Urdu our ‘second mother tongue’?

Language has always been the landscape of political power-plays since the bygone era. History testifies how a language broke barriers to unify people with the same tongue and even built barricades of resistance when it came to protecting the sanctity of its pristine form. Unesco declared February 21 as the International Mother Language Day in in a tribute to the language movement by the Bangladeshis. The country stands witness to one of the very rare incidents in history where people sacrificed lives to uphold the dignity of their mother tongue and preserve their cultural heritage. Back home, fast forward to a couple of decades.

"Namaste" has a meaning among Hindi speakers. It's often how you know yoga class is over: The teacher faces the class with their hands.

How relevant is Hindi in today’s globalised world

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Urdu-speaking people

RELATED VIDEO: Ek pakistani ko shudh hindi bolne par likayat pakistani ki phat gyi

Nepal Terai. Various Urdu-speaking people are spread across South Asia. Although the majority of Urdu-speakers reside in Pakistan including 30 million native speakers, [3] and up to 94 million second-language speakers , [10] where Urdu is the national and official language, most speakers who use Urdu as their native tongue live in India , where it is one of 22 official languages. The Urdu-speaking community is also present in other parts of South Asia with a historical Muslim presence , such as the Biharis [19] and Dhakaiyas who speak Dhakaiya Urdu in Bangladesh, [20] the Urdu-speaking members of the Madheshi community in Nepal, [21] some Muslims in Sri Lanka [22] and a section of Burmese Indians. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

The blanket ban drew immediate criticism from viewers and cable operators in Pakistan, a nation of million people where Indian soap operas and Bollywood's elaborate song-and-dance sequences are wildly popular. Despite being bitter foes, Pakistan and India have deep cultural similarities dating back to before their separation at the end of British colonial rule in

India vs Pakistan T20 World Cup Match Today: Time, How to Watch Live

India and Pakistan are set to face off today in a Twenty20 World Cup cricket match taking place in Dubai. The latest cricket match between India and Pakistan will be a part of the 45 T20 matches that are being played between 16 participating nations in Dubai. You can expect some pre-match discussion both online and offline to set the stage for the matchup between the neighbours. You will be required to have a subscription for the service to tune into the cricket match on time. Prasar Bharti All India Radio will also provide the live commentary of the India versus Pakistan cricket match through its specific radio stations. In addition to online and traditional channels for showing the match live, you can get score updates on Google.

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Around a hundred women have gathered in a community centre in Peshawar but they are conversing in a dialect incomprehensible to the Pashtun that dominate the region. They are exchanging anecdotes and ideas in their native Hindko literally, "the language of India" at a conference organised to promote the increasingly marginalised language. According to scholars, Hindko's decline as the foremost language of Peshawar began in when Hindu and Sikh traders left the city after the partition of British India. Some three million mainly Pashto speakers fled war from neighbouring Afghanistan over the past 35 years, while others are more recent migrants from other parts of Khyber Pakhtunkwa province.




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