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This website uses cookies to deliver some of our products and services as well as for analytics and to provide you a more personalized experience. Click here to learn more. By continuing to use this site, you agree to our use of cookies. We've also updated our Privacy Notice. Click here to see what's new. We demonstrate high gain amplification of femtosecond pulses in a compact double-pass cryogenic Ti:sapphire amplifier. The setup involves a negative GVD mirrors recompression stage, and operates with a repetition rate between 0.

Amplification factors as high as 17 and nJ Fourier-limited pulses are obtained at a kHz repetition rate. High-energy femtosecond pulses are essential for many applications in biophysics, chemical spectroscopy, nonlinear optics and high-energy physics[ 1 ]. Despite recent progress in available powers, amplification of femtosecond oscillators is often required for these stringent applications[ 2 ]. On account of its high saturation fluence and thermal conductivity, broad gain bandwidth, and long fluorescence lifetime, titanium-doped sapphire is one of the most widely used materials for ultrashort pulses amplification[ 3 ].

Multi-pass or chirped-pulse regenerative amplifiers are commonly used, with repetition rates in the kHz range with pulsed pumping [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ]. Continuous pumping allows to reach higher repetition rates, and for instance Norris demonstrated fs-pulses amplification using Ti:sapphire with a cw regenerative amplifier at kHz[12].

A simpler, double-pass amplifier was reported by Liu et al. More recently, Huber et al. Another approach, useful in an intermediate regime where the repetition rate is of the order of the MHz, is to use cavity-dumped oscillators, which allow for the production of pulses in the tens of nJ energy range[ 16 , 17 , 18 ].

Increasing further the pulse energy of cavity-dumped commercial systems with simple optical setups would open promising possibilities for high-sensitivity lock-in techniques, pulse-shaping and nonlinear optics applications.

For instance, generating fs-pulses with up to several hundreds of nJ energy at a 1 MHz repetition rate would be especially interesting for quantum optics experiments with thin nonlinear crystals[ 19 , 20 ]. In particular, this may lead to the production of strongly nonclassical states of light by increasing the available parametric gain[ 21 ].

Such high energy pulses would also be suitable for fundamental quantum mechanics tests[ 22 ]. In this paper, we report on the realization of a continuously-pumped double-pass cryogenic Ti:sapphire femtosecond amplifier, designed for pulses from a cavity-dumped laser with repetition rates between 0.

Cryogenic temperatures allow for the use of higher pump powers and therefore stronger amplification. Negative GVD mirrors are used for the recompression stage, allowing for a compact optical setup.

Amplification factors greater than 13 are still obtained at 4 MHz, yielding pulses with over nJ energy and more than 0. A non trivial behavior of the amplification with the crystal cooling temperature is also reported. The setup is sketched in Fig. A commercial cavity-dumped Ti:sapphire oscillator Tiger-CD, Time Bandwidth pumped by a 3W cw Verdi Coherent generates nearly-Fourier transform-limited pulses with fs duration at nm.

After passing through an optical isolator, the infrared beam is overlapped with the pump beam coming from a cw solid-state laser 18 W Verdi delivering up to The infrared beam is recollimated with another 75 mm focal-length lens and reflected back by a dichroic mirror to be amplified a second time. The focusing lenses are mounted on translation stages to optimize the beam size and overlap see Sec.

In order to compensate for the astigmatism due to the propagation in the crystal, this second lens is tilted as shown in Fig. Owing to the extremely tight focusing inside the crystal and intense cw pump power, the crystal needs to be cooled down efficiently to avoid damage and reduce beam distortion and thermal lensing effects[ 23 , 24 , 25 ].

Although it is more demanding, the use of a cryostat instead of a Peltier cascade[ 15 ] allows us to substantially improve the amplification by operating with higher pump powers, without damaging the crystal, and still maintaining a high output beam quality.

Cryogenic double-pass amplifier setup with compact recompression stage. OI: optical isolator. M1, M2: dichroic mirrors. Ti:Sa: Brewster-cut highly-doped crystal. Amplification factor and average output power as a function of the repetition rate, for 15 W pump power and a temperature of K. Typical variations of the average output power and the amplification factor ratio of output power after recompression with and without amplification with the oscillator repetition rate are shown in Fig.

The amplification factor decreases from Although the gain is slightly reduced, the saturation in output power is mostly due to the saturation in the input power delivered by the cavity-dumped oscillator above kHz. Increasing the pump power up to For a fixed pump power and temperature the output infrared power scales linearly with the input power, so we always operate in the unsaturated gain regime. However, for high amplification levels we observe a slight pulse compression - from to fs as measured by nonlinear autocorrelation - as well as spectrum broadening - from 4.

The pulses nevertheless stay Fourier transform-limited, and the effect is found to disappear when reducing either the infrared or the pump power, or when increasing the input pulses duration.

In addition, we observe non trivial variations of the amplification with the temperature, as shown in Fig. The amplification factor and the average output power are represented for various pump powers ranging from 10 W to For a given pump power, the amplification increases when the crystal is cooled down, as expected, but there is an optimal temperature below which the gain starts to decrease. This behavior is attributed to a competition between thermal effects and the modification of the Ti:sapphire gain spectrum with the temperature[ 28 ].

Amplification factor and average output power as a function of the crystal mount temperature, for different pump powers and a fixed repetition rate of kHz. More specifically, owing to the short Rayleigh ranges involved, the amplification is very sensitive to the modematching between seed and pump beams in the amplification zone, which is strongly affected by thermal lensing effects at high pump powers. As can be seen from Fig.

However, the existence of an optimal temperature is linked to the fact that the Ti:sapphire emission spectrum is blue-shifted when the temperature decreases from K to 77 K[ 29 ]. Since our oscillator output pulses are centered at nm we operate on the red side of the gain spectrum at room temperature.

When going to lower temperatures, the intrinsic gain at nm starts to increase as well as the quantum efficiency[ 30 ] , but ultimately ends up decreasing. Amplification is thus optimal when the improvement due to the reduction of thermal effects is balanced by the decrease in gain at nm at low temperatures.

Although exact gain calculations are rather complex to perform, the dependence of the amplification with cooling temperature and pumping power can be explained by a simple toy model analyzing both the modematching and the blue-shift issues. On the other hand, thermal lensing will affect the pump-seed modematching m T,P , all the more so when the pump power is high and the temperature increases.

We therefore assume an amplification factor of the form. The thermal lens focal length is given by [ 23 ]. Taking a modematching term of the form. Let us note that the data shown in Fig. This simple optimization procedure allows for greatly reducing the thermal lensing effects and finding the best trade-off between amplification and thermal effects at a given temperature.

Fit of the variation of the amplification factor with temperature for the same conditions as in Fig. As a conclusion, we have demonstrated efficient femtosecond amplification with a compact double-pass Ti:sapphire amplifier at nm in the MHz regime. Cryogenic cooling allows to use high cw pump power and obtain high amplification with repetition rates as high as 4 MHz. Gains as large as 17 and 13 are obtained at kHz and 4 MHz, respectively.

We have shown that the cooling temperature plays an important role in optimizing the gain for a given wavelength. We also point out that our cavity-dumped laser has been designed to operate at nm in order to be used in experiments such as those described in Refs.

However, Delaigue et al. We therefore expect that much higher output powers and gains should be easy to reach by tuning the wavelength of the input pulses closer to the peak of the Ti:sapphire gain profile[ 15 ].

Warm thanks are due to Martin Delaigue for providing us with a copy of his PhD thesis. Backus, C. Durfee III, M. Murnane, and H. B 3 , — Squier, F. Salin, and G. Barty, T. Guo, C. Le Blanc, F. Rasky, C. Rose-Petruck, J. Squier, K. Wilson, V. Yakovlev, and K. Nabekawa, Y. Kuramoto, T. Togashi, T. Sekikawa, and S. Yang and B. Budkus, R. Danelius, A. Dubietis, A. Piskarskas, and A. B 79 , — Gaudiosi, A. L Lytle, P. Kohl, M.


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845 amplifier le

It was then, when this young Polish company made its debut with a high-end tube preamplifier De Forest and Trinity monoblocks. An additional interesting aspect of this presentation were also Polish, damn good speakers called Clockwork that were driven by Amare Musica electronics. Some of you might have wondered then: where had I seen these guys before? Even though it was their official debut as Amare Musica, these guys had participated a year earlier in AudioShow, being involved in presentations in DIY Audiostereo room. All these gentlemen, from both Amare and Clockwork, were and still are active members of Audiostereo community, especially of its DIY sub-forum.

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The power triode is a radio transmitting vacuum tube which can also be used as an audio amplifier and modulation tube. Typically, the plate is machined.

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By loo , January 23, in 2 Channel. I have been running Ming Da's with Quad ESL's for many years, originally 57's then 63's, 's and currently 's and there is plenty of poke from the s to go loud in a room 30 x 11 feet. The quality of sound is sublime and there is plenty of bass for most types of music. If you fancy a day at the seaside you are always welcome to come for a listen.

Femtosecond Ti:sapphire cryogenic amplifier with high gain and MHz repetition rate


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Solo nel mondo per soddisfare queste specifiche , gli amplificatori Jadis offrono favolose dinamiche a bassa voce come estremamente acuta. Hanno una totale mancanza di colorazione, e la maggior parte di lavoro in pura classe A. Per questi motivi, sono il sistema acustico ideale per ogni diffusore , indipendentemente dalla sua curva di impedenza, del tipo di funzionamento o le prestazioni. This passion - at times overriding the demands of sleep and leisure - resulted in the creation of prototypes that produced a sensation in audiophile circles. Jadis amplifiers and preamplifiers represent the ideal amplification system for all acoustic loudspeakers, whatever the load, the functioning whether electrodynamics, electrostatic, or isodynamic and the efficiency.

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