Audio amplifier public address speakers

Talking about an audio system, Hi-Fi home theaters are more commonly known than commercial audio systems. A commercial audio system or a public address system PA system is essentially different from the audio system of home theaters due to different situational applications and requirements. Many people may misunderstand the two systems. Thus, we often receive inquiries about how to effectively match amplifiers and powered speakers. In this article, we will discuss the PA system used in office buildings, schools, stations, shopping malls, factories, and other large commercial applications from the perspective of commercial audio systems in the following three topics:.

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Content:

• A History Of The PA System
• Public Address Speaker Kit with 240W Amplifier, 30W Horn Speakers & Wireless Mic
• How to effectively match amplifiers and powered speakers in a PA system?
• Ahuja MTP 20 Lavalier Microphone for Smartphones, Laptop, Camera/DSLR
• Public Address (PA) Amplifier Circuit
• Public Address Systems Explained
• Public Address Audio incl. IP Audio

WATCH RELATED VIDEO: Under $300 - Sound Test and Review of the Pyle PPHP898MX 6CH Portable Powered PA Mixer System

A History Of The PA System

What is a Public Address system? A Public Address system is a specific type of sound system. When designing a commercial sound system, the process includes considering many nuanced design criteria; including, the size or volume of the space, noise levels, how many people will be listening, and where those listeners are located. The first and most fundamental design question is, will the sound system be used for speech, music, or both?

By describing a sound system as a Public Address PA system, that fundamental design question is already answered. The primary purpose of a Public Address system is to provide clear and intelligible speech.

While Public Address systems vary significantly in their construction and configuration, we can generally categorize them in a couple of different ways. One is by size. Small PA systems generate a few to hundreds of watts of audio power, are designed for one listener up to hundreds of listeners, and generally serve a single space or facility. Large PA systems generate thousands of watts and are designed for hundreds to thousands of listeners in auditoriums, stadiums, across campuses, or entire cities.

Any other choice entails a sizeable compromise. That is not to say that other choices cannot be made to work well; it simply means that by a wide margin, the highest quality for the lowest cost lies in the design of a single point source system. Whenever possible. When contrasting a single point source with a distributed design, the most important distinction is where the energy is emanated.

In a large single point source PA system, thousands of watts of power emanate from principally one location. In a large distributed PA system, speakers delivering very low power emanate from thousands of locations. For this article, Small Public Address Systems consist of a microphone or a recorded sound playback device such as an mp3 player, an amplifier, and one or more loudspeakers. Small PA systems typically produce somewhere between 10 to hundreds of watts of power and are used in small venues such as school auditoriums, churches, and meeting rooms — anywhere you need to speak to a group of people all at once and be heard.

Small PA systems may extend through an entire building, such as restaurants, stores, elementary schools, or office buildings. Because the primary intended purpose of PA systems is to allow a presenter to address a group of listeners, microphones and telephone system handsets are the primary audio source of a PA system. A sound source such as a streaming device, mp3 player, compact disc player, or radio may also be connected to a PA system so that music can be played for listeners.

However, the audio fidelity may be compromised because the system is optimized for speech. Control and monitoring equipment may take the form of a programmable Digital Signal Processor DSP that is not only capable of providing all of these functions over multiple channels but can also store signal tones and prerecorded sounds, including prerecorded announcements and emergency messages.

Sources like microphones and telephone system paging feeds are connected to the inputs of the PA system. It then passes the audio onto the power amplifier s that boost the signal further so it can be heard through the loudspeakers.

Most small PA system amplifiers will include a mixer, preamp, tone controls, and basic routing functions housed in a single shelf or rack-mounted package. The loudspeaker is the device that converts the amplified electrical signals into sound. When a system calls for only one or two loudspeakers, a PA amplifier with an 8-ohm speaker output is appropriate. Depending on local practices, constant voltage amplifiers usually amplify the audio signals to a speaker line level of 25V, 70V, or V.

When a more sophisticated solution is desired, PA amplifiers can include control equipment that monitors the amplifier outputs and speaker lines for faults and alerts staff when there is a failure. This control equipment can also be used to create multiple separate speaker zones in a PA system. The Rauland Telecenter U is a Public Address system with monitoring and control features specifically designed for educational environments.

The Telecenter U features time tone signals played by completely customizable schedules to accommodate class change, prerecorded announcements, handsfree intercom calling into classrooms, and much more. The voice coil of a loudspeaker can have an impedance specification from 2 to 30 ohms. Some amplifiers have several outputs to accommodate for different loudspeaker loads, but usually, the manufacturer states the amplifier performance based on a specified load impedance.

This means that the amplifier will give its optimum performance of 20 watts with a speaker load of 8 ohms. There are techniques to match various speaker loads to an amplifier output. For an amplifier designed for a 16 ohm load, two 8 ohm loudspeakers wired in series will make the total load 16 ohms.

Some slight loss of quality will result, but for most purposes, this is acceptable. This is a better method of driving two loudspeakers from one amplifier. The same principles can be applied to a larger number of loudspeakers. If an amplifier designed for 16 ohms is connected to a 4 ohm load, the result will be a louder and perhaps distorted sound, and the amplifier may suffer damage.

Conversely, if an amplifier designed for a 4 ohm load is connected to a 16 ohm loudspeaker the result will be loss of output level. Ideally, where cost is not the determining factor, each loudspeaker should have its own amplifier. The PA system is mounted inside the video screen scoreboard at the south end of the impressive oval. The single source PA system projects sound across the bowl, reaching over feet to the top seats on the north end with crisp voice announcements and fan-pumping music over the loud, spirited crowd.

Large distributed PA systems typically have amplifiers that output high power at high voltage through hundreds to thousands of daisy-chained small loudspeakers in various locations. Each loudspeaker has a transformer between its voice coil and the amplifier to lower the voltage on the speaker line.

The constant voltage system was devised to overcome the many problems that arise from feeding an amplifier directly to many loudspeakers over very long cable runs. The constant voltage design is most common in commercial PA systems, where very large areas need to be covered — like shopping malls, universities, airports, and convention centers. The Rauland Telecenter brand of products are designed to monitor and control large distributed PA systems with features specifically designed for educational facilities.

The Telecenter U features zone control so announcements can be delivered to specific areas, time tone signals played by completely customizable schedules, prerecorded announcements, handsfree intercom, and much more.

Constant voltage systems are powerful tools for delivering voice announcements to thousands of listeners and over enormous geographic areas instantly. By utilizing IP networking, a distributed Public Address system can cover the entire campus of a large university, industrial complex, a multi-building hospital network, even an entire city. Commercial constant voltage PA systems are very flexible, but they tend to be optimized for speech, size, and scalability rather than full bandwidth sound reproduction.

That said, if a constant voltage PA system is to be used for providing background, foreground environmental, or mood music, with a little extra investment and care on the part of the designer, a commercial constant voltage PA system can provide impressive results.

Constant voltage PA systems may seem complicated, but their design and configuration is relatively simple to understand using standard household AC power circuits as an analogy. If you have a v- 15amp circuit feeding the outlets in your kitchen, you can plug in many appliances without concern until the total load exceeds 15amps and the breaker blows.

Each appliance draws a defined amount of power from the circuit, so you can calculate the load on the kitchen circuit by simply adding up the current draw of the refrigerator, microwave, coffee pot, and so on. Because there is sufficient voltage on the line, you rarely notice the additional current draw when you run your toaster or microwave.

A constant voltage PA system amplifier is rated by its Output Voltage and total Watts of output power. A very common example is an amplifier that provides 35watts of power on a 70v speaker line. Using the 35watt amplifier example, here are a few different ways the PA System can be configured using the taps on the speaker transformer:.

How do you know what tap to use? Answer: It depends. A sound system designer considers dozens of variables when choosing loudspeakers and their power requirements for any given application.

Ceiling height, the area that a single loudspeaker can cover influenced by the speaker mounting height , ambient noise in the room, reflective or absorptive surfaces nearby, and so on.

Another unique advantage of a constant voltage PA system is you can place simple passive wall-mounted volume controls in multiple locations along the speaker line run to provide control of individual speakers or groups of speakers serving a common area.

The speaker tap determines the maximum volume of the loudspeaker, and the in-line volume control allows the user to adjust the volume of the speaker s according to need. A sound contractor can determine the total load of an existing constant voltage speaker system using a specialized electronic meter called an Impedance Bridge and little math using Ohms law.

All PA systems have the potential for audio feedback, which occurs when a microphone picks up sound from the speakers, which is re-amplified and sent through the speakers again.

It often sounds like a loud high-pitched squeal or screech, and can occur when the volume of the system is turned up too high. Feedback only occurs when the loop gain of the feedback loop is greater than one, so it can always be stopped by reducing the volume sufficiently.

Sound designers and engineers take several steps to maximize gain before feedback, including keeping microphones at a distance from speakers, ensuring that directional microphones are not pointed towards speakers, keeping the onstage volume levels down, and lowering gain levels at frequencies where the feedback is occurring, using a graphic equalizer, a parametric equalizer, notch filter or a digital processor DSP that incorporates all of the above. Feedback prevention devices detect the start of unwanted feedback and use a precise notch filter to lower the gain of the frequencies that are feeding back.

The device then retains these frequencies in its memory and it stands by ready to cut them. Some automated feedback prevention devices can detect and reduce new frequencies other than those found during the sound check, or when a commercial PA system is commissioned by the system designer. In most cases, the facility telephone system is used as the sole access point to the PA system. A paging announcement can conveniently be made from any telephone device connected to the phone system.

A specialized circuit that integrates and isolates the phone system and PA system is required. A typical private branch exchange PBX telephone system uses an analog paging adaptor between the telephone system and the PA system.

A separate paging controller is connected to a trunk port of the telephone system and is accessed as either a designated directory number or central office line. Most small office telephone Key-Systems usually including a paging output port as part of the system. In either case, the telephone system is being used as an input source for the PA system voice announcements rather than a dedicated microphone.

The telephone to PA system adapter or interface is the circuit that connects analog audio from the telephone system without interfering with the operation of, or being harmful to either the telephone system or the PA System. The voice signal in an IP phone system is digital data until it is converted to analog voice at the endpoint phone device. For small offices, there are SIP Paging Adapters include a low-power amplifier that can be used to power a handful of 8 ohm speakers in a small office environments.

For larger facilities, the analog output jack is used to provide public address announcements through the in-house PA system. PA over or IP refers to PA paging and intercom systems that use an Internet Protocol IP network, instead of a central amplifier, to distribute the audio signal to paging locations across a building or campus, or anywhere else in the reach of the IP network, including the Internet.

Network-attached amplifiers and intercom units are used to provide the communication function. At the receiving end, specialized intercom modules integrated with a traditional loudspeaker known as IP speakers receive these network transmissions and reproduce the analog audio signal. These are small, specialized network appliances addressable by an IP address, just like any other computer on the network.

Wireless Mobile Telephony WMT PA Systems refers to PA paging and [intercom] systems that use any form of Wireless mobile telephony system such as GSM networks instead of a centralized amplifier to distribute the audio signal to paging locations across a building or campus, or other location.

The GSM mobile Networks are used to provide the communication function. At the receiving end, a GSM transceiver receives these network transmissions and reproduces the analogue audio signal via a Power Amplifier and speaker the PA system. This was pioneered by Stephen Robert Pearson of Lancashire, England who was granted patents for the systems, which also incorporate control functionality. The patents cover all forms of WMT i. Systems of this type are commonly found in the rail, light rail, and metro industries, and let announcements be triggered from one or several locations to the rest of the network over low bandwidth legacy copper, normally PSTN lines using DSL modems, or media such as optical fiber, or GSM-R, or IP-based networks.

Rail systems typically have an interface with a passenger information system PIS server, at each station.

Public Address Speaker Kit with 240W Amplifier, 30W Horn Speakers & Wireless Mic

Portable PA systems are our range of compact, battery-powered public address systems. They are designed to give the user extended battery life for use on location and to recharge the battery in between engagements. They are available in different configurations, including: Belt-pack and shoulder-strap with cable and microphone that go where the speaker goes Wireless microphone systems that allow a speaker to roam Systems that include USB ports to play music files A portable PA system is perfect for a wide range of applications including: Yoga, gym, pilates, exercise, dance and other instructors Kids and fun applications at parties, playgrounds, parks, backyards Marriage celebrants and other presenters, particularly on location at parks, the beach, memorial sites etc. Feel free to browse here for a package that suits you or come into a Mega Music store at Myaree or Wangara. Grey and blue high impact plastic. Fold-away pistol grip with nylon carry strap.

How to effectively match amplifiers and powered speakers in a PA system?

They have microphone inputs, aux inputs for background music and usually a priority muting emergency paging or override input EMC to connect to your phone and paging system. We have full range of speakers - indoor and outdoor speakers, long throw outdoor or speakers to go under the eaves. We also have multi zone amplifiers so you could have 2 or 3 indoor areas with different volume settings and an outdoor or yard area with different speakers and settings. Some speakers are more efficient for voice projection and others for music and voice. Give us a call to discuss your requirements, we are happy to help you with design ideas and advice. Remote c This new mixer-amplifier has a total output power of watts RMS with 6 speaker output zones with

Ahuja MTP 20 Lavalier Microphone for Smartphones, Laptop, Camera/DSLR

Can't see what a complete PA system that you want? We can tailor any PA public address package to your requirements. Please call or email us now for advice and a quote. Cybermarket's Complete PA systems are packages that can include loud speakers, microphones, amplifiers and cables bundled into a PA package suitable for public address.

Public Address (PA) Amplifier Circuit

Public Address systems are common in most commercial buildings and public spaces for the communication of announcements, music and alerts. The types of Public Address systems are as wide and various as there are types of buildings and structures with considerations to volume, coverage and zoning configurations needed. So essentially nearly all Public Address systems are designed individually to best suit the environment, aesthetics and include the right features with a suitable amount of simplicity or complexity. As an example a factory space with high levels of noise from machinery would need a completely different type of system and components to a house of worship. Also a shopping arcade's needs would be different to a nightclub with live entertainment and a DJ.

Public Address Systems Explained

JavaScript seems to be disabled in your browser. For the best experience on our site, be sure to turn on Javascript in your browser. Public Address Systems allow communication with many people at the same time through a series of speakers built into the walls and ceilings. Any commercial space can make use of a public announcement system to address specific teams or departments currently at work, for example within warehouses, airports, or sizeable offices. The speakers also can be used as a background music system within hotels, restaurants, fitness centres, and many more areas.

Public Address Audio incl. IP Audio

Updated: Aug One unique feature of PA systems is that no two are alike. This guide will explain the basic parts and functions of the most common type of PA systems, basic setups with ground-supported speakers.

JavaScript seems to be disabled in your browser. You must have JavaScript enabled in your browser to utilize the functionality of this website. Bogen public address systems and mixers are particularly well-suited for expanding the number of inputs on Bogen or other public address amplifiers. Mixers provides professional, low-impedance, balanced microphone inputs through XLR connectors and one auxiliary input.

Multifrequency pocket transmitter, Hand-held microphone with integrated multifrequenc Transport case with intelligent PWM quick-charge f You can send us your question or request here. Just enter your contact information to get started! Portable PA Systems. Powerful batteries let you entertain your listeners for hours without direct stationary power.

Insure4Music Blog - The Microphone. A live concert at an iconic music venue is nothing without a solid PA system. An amplified electric guitar riff, pulsating drum beat and vocal vibrato is something concert-goers have been accustomed to for years.