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Content:

• Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller
• Eradicating PC Audio Clicks & Pops
• 【】(未使用･未開封品) ハイアール 121L 2ドア冷凍冷蔵庫 シルバー JR-N121A-S
• Instagram introduces ‘Remix’ feature for reels to create interactive reels alongside another
• Play media in Final Cut Pro
• Welcome to HP audio support
• Girl, Interrupted Cassette X2
• 20w/6ohm x2, Sum2 – Nuvo NV-I8GMS Manuel d'utilisation
• Stuck on "TEL INTERRUPT" screen (Clarion VRX925VD)?? HELP!

WATCH RELATED VIDEO: How to Fix Crackling or Popping Audio Problem on Windows 10

Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller

Cicks and pops can ruin a recording, not to mention causing vast amounts of annoyance and wasted time. Tracking down their causes can be far from easy — but our step-by-step troubleshooting guide is here to help. We've published lots of fault-finding hints and tips in SOS , but quite a few PC musicians still seem to be suffering from audio clicks and pops, also known as gapping.

They can be caused by a wide variety of factors, from a single unsuitable software setting to conflicts between hardware devices, so this month we're providing a logical step-by-step troubleshooting guide. Before we start, I'll explain the fundamental cause of audio clicks and pops. This, for instance, makes it possible to simultaneously print out a document while typing another one, listening to a WAV file and downloading a file from the Internet.

To maintain a continuous audio stream when recording or playing back a song, small chunks of system RAM buffers are used to temporarily store a chunk of audio at a time.

For playback, the soundcard continues accessing the data within these buffers while Windows goes off to perform its other tasks, and hopefully Windows will get back soon enough to drop the next chunk of audio data into the buffers before the existing audio data has all been used up. Similarly, during audio recording, the incoming data slowly fills up a second set of buffers, and Windows comes back every so often to grab a chunk of this and save it to your hard drive.

If the buffers are too small and the data runs out before Windows can get back to top them up playback or empty them recording , you'll get a gap in the audio stream — a click or pop.

So if you hear even a single click in your audio recording or playback, it's due to something occupying Windows that prevents it from filling and emptying those audio buffers in time for smooth delivery to your audio interface. If those interruptions become more frequent, the isolated clicks and pops turn into occasional crackles, and eventually to almost continuous interruptions that sound like distortion as the audio starts to break up more regularly.

In complex setups, where several pieces of gear are connected digitally, sometimes clicks and pops are due to incorrect external clock settings. One device needs to provide the 'master' clock and all the others need to have their clocks set to 'external', so that they become 'slaves'. If you hear occasional clicks and want to rule out clocking issues, temporarily set your soundcard to internal clock.

If you're digitally transferring audio from Minidisc or DAT and hear the occasional click in your recordings, try recording a 10kHz sinewave and then transfer that. This procedure will test your digital cables and settings: even a single missed sample will be fairly obvious as a tell-tale 'tick'.

If your song starts out playing back perfectly but you notice clicks and pops gradually getting worse over several minutes, a word clock issue may also be to blame. However, this isn't always the case: one SOS Forum user managed to snag his CPU fan while fitting some extra RAM, such that after a few minutes use his CPU meter rapidly climbed to percent as the processor began to overheat, resulting in clicks and pops after a few minutes, and eventually a crashed PC. Audio interface buffer size: The first-choice way of curing audio clicks and pops that are due to the audio engine not having enough processing time is to increase the audio interface buffer size.

This will increase the time that Windows receives for performing all its other tasks, making audio interruptions much less likely.

Unfortunately, this also increases latency. Nevertheless, there's no point in making unrealistic demands on your PC, so if your clicks and pops only occur with an ASIO buffer size of 64 samples resulting in an extremely low displayed latency of just 1. It would take an extremely well set-up PC and an audio interface with excellent drivers to run with such settings.

If you really need low latency, 3ms is a more suitable figure to aim for, and many musicians are perfectly happy with 6ms or even more we explored latency in great depth in SOS January — see the 'Extra Reading' box.

Whichever audio interface you use, you can get off to a good start by choosing a sample or 6ms at During mixdown you're not likely to notice high buffer sizes at all, since their only effect is to slightly delay the start of playback once you've clicked on the Play button. Many musicians, therefore, increase latency to 12ms or even 23ms samples at These settings further reduce CPU overhead by a tiny amount that may be sufficient to let you run a few more plug-ins.

However, I don't recommend increasing buffer size beyond samples. Not only is this unlikely to reduce overheads any further, but recent personal experiments have suggested that some audio interfaces may exhibit erratic timing with latencies of 50ms and above.

Windows XP audio tweaks: Follow the list I provided in last month's PC Musician feature, removing unwanted tasks and interruptions and making sure that your ASIO drivers get higher priority, to ensure that Windows has the best chance of performing well with audio software.

You may find, after carrying out these tweaks, that you can run your audio interface at a significantly lower latency but still without clicks and pops occurring. Indeed, temporarily setting your interface to a lower latency is a useful way to see how well your PC has been set up for audio use, as is creating a song that runs at the limit of your CPU's capability, such as the 'DAW Bench' test I mentioned in PC Notes July Examine your song overheads: If, like most musicians, you're running your PC near its processing limits, with lots of plug-ins and soft synths, you may only suffer clicks and pops at a particular point in a particular song.

In my experience, this is most likely to be because your synths are attempting to play more notes at that point. For instance, you may only think you're probably only using four to eight simultaneous notes in a part, but if you've used the sustain pedal this can easily rise to 30 or 40 notes, while still not being particularly audible with some instruments.

Some soft synths obligingly provide a readout of current polyphony, which gives the game away: if the clicks only occur when polyphony rises, you need to cap it at a suitable value, as I explained in SOS July Hard drive settings: I keep trotting this one out, but each week it seems yet another musician posts on the SOS Forums complaining of clicks and pops as soon as they attempt to run more than about a dozen simultaneous audio tracks.

Sometimes the clicks and pops are synchronised with the flashes of the hard drive activity LED on the PC's front panel, which makes the hard drive even more obvious as the culprit.

If you use a separate audio drive, try temporarily moving the song data to your Windows C: drive. If the problem disappears, it's your audio drive at fault.

In general, if you're having intermittent clicks and pops and suspect your hard drive, try re-seating the various power and data cables to it inside your PC, especially if it's recently been on a journey. Make sure you do so for your audio interface, graphics card and other expansion devices, as well as relevant Windows updates and Hot Fixes.

A few musicians have PCs that continue to suffer from clicks and pops which remain impervious to each and every tweak. In my experience these are sometimes caused by innocent but ill-advised choices of hardware or combinations of hardware , but they are more often due to people's insistence on installing downloaded software from questionable sources.

If you're faced with an unreliable PC bogged down with assorted software, sometimes it's quicker and certainly more thorough to throw in the towel, re-format your hard drive and reinstall Windows from scratch.

This approach has resolved countless problems over the years. Just ensure you make an image file of your existing partition beforehand, so you can later extricate any files you haven't backed up elsewhere.

Sometimes you can experience occasional but regular clicks and pops. Your song might be requiring more at such points, as previously described, but it may instead happen on every song at apparently random times, and this could be due to another software task cutting in and demanding its own resources. Eliminate problematic background tasks: I've not had to do this for years, but that's largely because I run a separate stripped-down music partition that can successfully run most audio interfaces down to about 2ms latency at However, those of you that install everything on one big partition may have loads of tasks running in the background, some of which may have significant system overheads.

On its Processes page you'll see a list of processes currently running. You can then find out what each task does in the excellent Task List Programs section of the Answers That Work web site www. Also here is advice on whether or not the tasks ever cause problems, and which ones are vital to Windows and should be left alone. If you want to track down background tasks that cause audio problems, first see what's running in Task Manager's list of Processes top , and then research each entry in the list of Task List Programs on the Answers That Work web site.

You can end any process in Task Manager by right-clicking on it and selecting the End Process function, but this can cause system crashes unless you really know what you're doing. Instead, I'd recommend that you find out how to disable any unwanted processes manually via the software that starts them in the first place, or use Microsoft's System Configuration Utility.

Type 'msconfig' in the Windows Run box to launch the utility, choose the 'Selective Startup' option and then un-tick the required Services or Startup tasks on the appropriate pages before rebooting. Even more comprehensive is the Autoruns utility from Sysinternals www. Most virus and spyware checkers that scan program files, documents, and emails in the background to keep your PC safe are known to impose significant CPU and hard-drive overheads at times, which can be a hindrance when making music, so deactivate them manually before you start.

Not all utilities tell you before installing a new task on this list and you may find things such as Defragmentation and Registry checks that are scheduled to cut in while you're busy making music. If your clicks and pops happen at regular intervals, try to relate the intervals to a background task. You may find details on the developer's web site or on Internet forums. Over the years Hewlett Packard have used various background tasks that affect the musician, most of which periodically check their hardware in various ways.

Most such tasks can be disabled to remove any possibility of audio conflicts. Real Networks Realplayer has also caused many frustrations, especially as its background Scheduler has been known to slow down boot times.

Findfast gets installed with early versions of Microsoft's Office suite and is best deleted, since it can cause 'freezes' of several seconds on some PCs. Also be careful with mouse-pointer utilities and custom drivers. I recommend you disable processes one at a time and live with the results for a day or two in case anything unexpected happens.

Then you can safely reverse the tweak before its effects are confused by others. They do this via Interrupts. If your PCI audio interface has a typical buffer size of samples, interrupts will occur about times a second at Each interrupting hardware device uses a timer to regulate how many clock cycles it can hang on to the PCI buss for, once it gets control, ranging from zero to If all devices have low values, overheads increase due to greatly increased swapping from one device to another, while if every device has a high timer value some may run into problems while waiting their turn for the buss.

Most PCs specify a sensible default value of 64 clock cycles for each device set in the BIOS , but unfortunately some devices, particularly graphic cards and network interface cards, have a nasty habit of forcing their timer to a much higher value, such as or , which lets them hog the buss for much longer than the other devices.

For musicians, this can result in audio and video glitching and stuttering problems, occasional lock-ups when playing sounds, audio distortion, and sometimes even continuous white noise instead of music coming from the output socket. The easiest way to discover the settings of the various devices in your PC is with Mark Knutson's Dawg utility. Dawg will display the current latency values of all expansion devices it finds on the PCI buss.

If one of the devices isn't recognised by the utility see the screenshots on the left , open up Device Manager, select 'View device by connection', and double-click on each of the devices attached to the PCI buss until you find the one whose location matches that displayed by Dawg for example, Device Manager declares my Echo Mia soundcard to be on 'PCI buss 2, device 10', which confirms it as the unnamed device with a latency timer of If your PC exhibits click problems and your graphics card displays a latency of or , try reducing it to Don't be tempted to alter all settings willy-nilly: this often makes the situation worse — and don't bother at all if you're not having click and pop problems.

Owners of products such as the Powercore and UAD1 may end up with a particularly tricky task in trying to balance the requirements of their DSP cards and audio interface, especially since the default latency value chosen for DSP cards often changes from one driver revision to the next. Nevertheless, reducing video-card values from to has completely cured UAD1 issues for some musicians. This is a complex and often confusing subject that I covered in great detail back in SOS May , but in essence each motherboard manufacturer decides how the interrupts are connected to all the hardware devices hard drive controllers, sound chips, serial and parallel ports, USB and Firewire controllers, and so on, plus anything plugged into the various expansion slots.

Choosing PCI Slots to avoid sharing interrupts is no longer the necessity it once was, but you can check that your main interface isn't sharing with other hardware by using Device Manager's 'View Resources by connection' option.

Given the limited number of available interrupts, it's inevitable that some devices will end up 'sharing' an interrupt, such that when the CPU receives its Interrupt Request, as described earlier, it's left up to the associated drivers to sort out which shared device actually did the calling. Most hardware devices and their drivers are happy to 'share' interrupts in this way, simply returning control to the next in line within a few clock cycles if it wasn't them requiring attention, but a few 'fight amongst themselves', resulting in brief interruptions or, at the worst, a complete refusal to boot up after a new conflicting device has been installed.

It therefore makes sense to choose an expansion slot for your PCI soundcard that doesn't share the same interrupt with bandwidth-guzzling devices such as an AGP or other graphics card, any other device that interrupts at a rate greater than about times per second although it's often difficult to track down such information and, if possible, with controllers in charge of active Firewire and USB ports.

Very occasionally you may also resolve problems by choosing a different Firewire or USB port for your hardware; in fact, this month's PC Notes discusses an example of an obscure USB port issue. Eliminate rogue plug-ins and soft synths: Occasionally, you may notice clicks and pops in only one song that's otherwise not showing the usual signs of stress you expect to see, such as a high CPU-meter reading.

This may be due to a rogue plug-in or soft synth causing sudden processing spikes that are over too quickly to register on a CPU meter. These occur when audio levels go down to extremely low values and the processor automatically drops into its more intensive and high-resolution 'denormal mode'.

Most plug-in developers modified their code to ensure that these denormal problems never arise, but there are a few suspect products still out there particularly freeware or shareware ones whose developers may not have a wide range of PCs for test purposes. You can generally troubleshoot by disabling your plug-ins and soft synths one at a time. If the problems suddenly disappear, you've probably found the culprit. There's more on this topic in SOS October It will help you track down the reason for your clicks and pops if you're aware of when they happen and anything else that happens simultaneously.

Eradicating PC Audio Clicks & Pops

Instagram has introduced a new feature called "Remix" for reels that will allow users to make their own interactive reel like reactions, collaborations and more alongside another. They can use audio, add voiceover, AR effects, filters and so on to make it more interesting and engaging. The reels made by the remix feature will have a time limit of up to 30 seconds. The app will also give users a time limit of up to 10 seconds for countdown, and allow them to save audio clips, share audio pages, and browse for trending songs.

【】(未使用･未開封品) ハイアール 121L 2ドア冷凍冷蔵庫 シルバー JR-N121A-S

Following the acquisition of certain assets and the complete set of intellectual property of Cakewalk Inc. As of Feb 21st , information elsewhere on this website may no longer be accurate. Close and browse the legacy Cakewalk website. Tip: To search for a specific topic, type your search query in the Search Cakewalk. When the search results appear, click which product's documentation you would like to search to filter the search results further. If you are not connected to the internet, your Cakewalk software will default to showing offline help until an internet connection becomes available. Cakewalk by BandLab is free.

Instagram introduces ‘Remix’ feature for reels to create interactive reels alongside another

Cicks and pops can ruin a recording, not to mention causing vast amounts of annoyance and wasted time. Tracking down their causes can be far from easy — but our step-by-step troubleshooting guide is here to help. We've published lots of fault-finding hints and tips in SOS , but quite a few PC musicians still seem to be suffering from audio clicks and pops, also known as gapping. They can be caused by a wide variety of factors, from a single unsuitable software setting to conflicts between hardware devices, so this month we're providing a logical step-by-step troubleshooting guide. Before we start, I'll explain the fundamental cause of audio clicks and pops.

Play media in Final Cut Pro

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Welcome to HP audio support

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Girl, Interrupted Cassette X2

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20w/6ohm x2, Sum2 – Nuvo NV-I8GMS Manuel d'utilisation

Final Cut Pro provides many options for playing back projects and clips. You can play a project or clip from the beginning, play it from a certain point, play it at different speeds, and loop playback. You can also play video in full-screen view. To control whether Final Cut Pro displays optimized, proxy, or original media in the viewer , and whether video playback is optimized for quality or performance, choose the corresponding options from the View pop-up menu in the upper-right corner of the viewer. See Control playback quality in Final Cut Pro. When you select a clip or a portion of a clip or project, the selected area is marked with a yellow border.

Stuck on "TEL INTERRUPT" screen (Clarion VRX925VD)?? HELP!

It comes in the compact format of a PCI Express card and has a streaming engine that can provide 6 streams per channel, thus allowing for a total of 12 streams. The Automatic Gain Control operates in broad band and its main purpose is to reduce gaps in levels applied to the processor. The Tone FX features takes care of "coloring" the sound before the dynamic processing by combining a 4-band parametric Equalizer and an effect system that makes it possible to strengthen both high and low frequencies. This product is designed to operate with many types of automation software and offers advanced metadata management. Additionally, presets can be shared between cards even if they are not on the same network map.

Also See for Cantar-X2 User manual - 64 pages. Table Of Contents. Parameters excluded by a preceding choice are flagged.