Logarithmic amplifier theory of relativity

During the first half of the twentieth century—actually, the first quarter—there were two major scientific revolutions. Those cognitive cataclysms took place in physics, and are known as the relativist and quantum revolutions. Much has been written, and will be written in the future, about the importance of those theories and their effect on physics as a whole, even before the middle of the century. For example, this theory helped explain how it was possible that radioactive elements uranium, polonium, radium, thorium that had been studied for the first time by Henri Becquerel and Marie and Pierre Curie , emit radiation in a continuous manner with no apparent loss of mass. And then there was the general theory of relativity, which explained gravity by converting space—actually, four-dimensional space-time—into something curved, and with variable geometry!

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Content:

• A Glance at the Earliest Universe
• Gravitational wave
• How Stephen Hawking’s biggest achievement linked opposing worlds of physics
• theory of relativity
• The world after the Revolution: Physics in the Second Half of the Twentieth Century
• Library item label woz ere
• Detecting cosmic muons to verify the theory of special relativity
• Subscribe to RSS
• Doubt Clearing Session
• Relativistic quantum mechanics

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A Glance at the Earliest Universe

Help us improve your experience by providing feedback on this page. By now, probably every media psychologist knows about Jonah Lehrer, the science writer who was obliged to resign from his position at The New Yorker after confessing that his book Imagine contained some serious fabrications—most notably quotes attributed to Bob Dylan. Furthermore, Lehrer has been accused of both plagiarism e.

In that article my research on the age-productivity relation was extensively discussed with direct quotations. I found the comparisons edifying. To illustrate, let us compare two parallel paragraphs that are reasonably representative of the others.

For instance, Mr. According to Mr. For instance, Simonton has shown that physicists tend to make their most important discoveries early in their careers, typically before the age of thirty. It should be immediately apparent that the second paragraph is a very close paraphrase of the first. Significantly, the main reason for increased brevity is the omission of the passage about physicists needing to do their Nobel-quality work before marriage.

I am pleased that the author later dropped this statement, because the first paragraph makes it seem that I made it, which is false. Whether this misleading elaboration exceeded the boundaries of good journalistic practice, I leave to others to decide. It would not be acceptable in a scientific publication. To be sure, if the latter paragraph were written by a different author—like a student in a term paper—we would definitely feel comfortable with the accusation.

He seldom stole long passages verbatim. After all, paraphrasing of this nature is commonplace in scientific publications. Scientists who pursue highly productive research programs will often write sections filled with boilerplate concerning the sample participants, the measures, the manipulations, the statistical analyses, and so on.

Although a word or number might be altered here or there, and perhaps even the syntax changed from time to time e.

Nor could it be otherwise. The number of synonyms in the English language is finite, and the proportion of those words that are exactly equivalent in meaning is extremely small.

Admittedly, the scientist will invariably include a self-plagiarizing-avoiding self-citation that gives credit to the earlier studies in which that method, technique, or analysis was first introduced.

That was something that Lehrer failed to do—to cite his earlier pubs and blogs. So far, it seems that I have been rather forgiving. If I were his editor, I might have taken Lehrer aside for a long, closed-door conversation, and perhaps afterwards given him a public wrist slap—such as happened to Fareed Zakaria at CNN, another caught-in-the-cookiejar plagiarist—were it not for an even more problematic infraction.

Scientists working with science writers trust that the writing accurately represents the scientific findings. Perhaps the switch in adjectives was a measly mistake, a mistake that might be forgiven as being sloppy but not deliberate. Yet maybe this critical change was instead a journalistic embellishment to make the point more dramatic.

Should that be the case, then the replacement is far less acceptable. My research that Lehrer cited explicitly showed that physicists produce their best work in their late 30s, about the same age as other eminent creators in the mathematical sciences.

That fact may be more boring, but it is also more valid. In either case, I am glad that Imagine has been withdrawn from publication. I do not want to spend the next several years having my research results misrepresented in a best-selling book.

More specifically, I hope that physicists do not believe that they are over the hill at 30 years old. They even have my permission to marry whenever they want to!

Champion, E. How Jonah Lehrer recycled his own material for Imagine. Lehrer, J. Fleeting youth, fading creativity. Simonton, D. Career landmarks in science: Individual differences and interdisciplinary contrasts.

Developmental Psychology, 27 , Creative productivity: A predictive and explanatory model of career trajectories and landmarks.

Psychological Review, , The Amplifier October Cite this. Interview with Jonah Lehrer. The Amplifier. By Dean Keith Simonton, PhD By now, probably every media psychologist knows about Jonah Lehrer, the science writer who was obliged to resign from his position at The New Yorker after confessing that his book Imagine contained some serious fabrications—most notably quotes attributed to Bob Dylan.

References Champion, E. Imagine: How creativity works. New York: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. Max characters:

Gravitational wave

Help us improve your experience by providing feedback on this page. By now, probably every media psychologist knows about Jonah Lehrer, the science writer who was obliged to resign from his position at The New Yorker after confessing that his book Imagine contained some serious fabrications—most notably quotes attributed to Bob Dylan. Furthermore, Lehrer has been accused of both plagiarism e. In that article my research on the age-productivity relation was extensively discussed with direct quotations. I found the comparisons edifying. To illustrate, let us compare two parallel paragraphs that are reasonably representative of the others. For instance, Mr.

How Stephen Hawking’s biggest achievement linked opposing worlds of physics

Department of Physics and Astronomy Apply for this course You are viewing this course for entry. It's a great way to get an even bigger range of perspectives on physics and where it can take you, while you experience life in another part of the world. These modules give you a much more detailed understanding of mathematical concepts than our standard physics degrees. In programming classes you can learn skills that are key to theoretical physics and valuable in many graduate careers, from data science to computer game design. There are also optional modules on topics such as particle physics and the physics of music. Your third year will be your year abroad. The project takes up around half of your final year and can lead to a publication in a scientific journal.

theory of relativity

An introduction to the concepts of modern engineering, emphasizing modeling, analysis, synthesis, design, and control. Applications to mechanical and electrical systems. Prerequisites: Mathematics 45 and Physics Einstein's special theory of relativity is developed from the premises that the laws of physics are the same in all inertial frames and that the speed of light is a constant. The relationship between mass and energy is explored and relativistic collisions analyzed.

The world after the Revolution: Physics in the Second Half of the Twentieth Century

Cosmological inflation, the hypothesis that the early Universe underwent an extremely rapid expansion, is a popular paradigm in modern cosmology. The theory successfully explains how quantum mechanical fluctuations of the vacuum, starting about 10 - 36 seconds after the big bang, could have given rise to the large-scale structure of our Universe, leading to predictions that have been confirmed by a range of cosmological observations. However, inflationary cosmology cannot be the ultimate theory of the Universe. If one projects the Universe backward in time, it gets so hot and dense that the laws of physics on which inflation is based classical general relativity break down. In the so-called Planck era, lasting up to one Planck second 10 - 43 s after the big bang, the force of gravity would have reached values comparable to the other fundamental forces. In this regime, quantum gravity effects would have been important, creating conditions that go beyond the conventional understanding of space and time.

Library item label woz ere

Related to Relativistic physics: plasma physics , general relativity , condensed matter physics , special relativity , Solid state physics. The physical theory of space and time developed by Albert Einstein, based on the postulates that all the laws of physics are equally valid in all frames of reference moving at a uniform velocity and that the speed of light from a uniformly moving source is always the same, regardless of how fast or slow the source or its observer is moving. The theory has as consequences the relativistic mass increase of rapidly moving objects, the Lorentz-FitzGerald contraction, time dilatation, and the principle of mass-energy equivalence. Also called special theory of relativity. All rights reserved. Also called special relativity. Also called general relativity. Copyright , , by Random House, Inc.

Detecting cosmic muons to verify the theory of special relativity

The electron microscope is an indispensable instrument for analyzing samples. This series explains the basics of electron microscopes. First theme is the acceleration voltage of the electron microscope.

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Physics Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for active researchers, academics and students of physics. It only takes a minute to sign up. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. Just a hypothetical question. Is it possible to increase or amplify gravitational interactions between two or more bodies without changing the mass?

Doubt Clearing Session

This list is a sampling of the kinds of courses offered through the Physics department curriculum. Not all courses shown here will be offered every semester. For a complete list of currently available courses, students may log into their account on Student Center. Academic Programs Physics PHY The Evolving Universe Overview of the fundamental principles of classical physics including gravitation and electromagnetism , the theory of relativity, and quantum physics. Course includes a discussion of the four fundamental forces of nature; nuclear and atomic physics; elementary particles; grand unified theories; and cosmology, including the origin and fate of the universe. Does not count toward the physics major, appropriate course for non-science majors.

Relativistic quantum mechanics

As many physicists will agree his theories are the most pure expression of genius in the history of humankind. It was primarily used by the Navy to allow ships to track their location while at sea. With this early version a vessel could only get an update on its location once per hour.